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科研人员已研制出世界上最薄的膜片——厚度相当于一个原子——并利用它制造出世界上最小的晶体管,这一标志性的科技突破可望促进超高速计算机芯片的研发。当目前的硅基技术发展到极限时,这项创新成果将使超微电子学作为承继,曼彻斯特大学的安德烈·海姆教授和科什焦·诺沃肖洛夫博士称。近几十年,制造商们往微芯片上充塞的元件越来越多,晶体管的数量每两年就增加一倍。不过,添加装配新元件的能力如今已呈降低之势。海姆教授及其同事利用石墨,找到了超简单物质在现实世界中的等价物。所谓的“graphene”由类似于镀锌铁丝网的碳原子网构成。海姆教授并不认为基于graphene的电路技术在2025年前可达到成熟阶段,但他认为,这一技术很可能是硅时代结束后唯一可行的发展方向。
Researchers have developed the world’s thinnest diaphragm – equivalent to one atom in thickness – and used it to create the world’s smallest transistor. This landmark breakthrough in technology is expected to accelerate the development of ultra-fast computer chips. When the current silicon-based technology reaches its limit, this innovation will make Supermicroelectronics a successor, said Professor Andre Heim of the University of Manchester and Dr. Koshjo Novoselov. In recent decades, manufacturers have increasingly packed more and more components on microchips, and the number of transistors has doubled every two years. However, the ability to add new components has now been reduced. Prof. Heim and his colleagues used graphite to find the equivalent of ultra-simple matter in the real world. The so-called “graphene” consists of a network of carbon atoms similar to galvanized wire mesh. Professor Heim does not believe that graphene-based circuit technology can reach maturity by 2025, but he believes that this technology is likely to be the only viable direction after the end of the Silicon era.