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目的了解乌海市无偿献血人群人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)检测情况,为实施保障血液安全措施提供参考信息。方法对2011年1月至2016年6月乌海市无偿献血人群HIV检测结果进行了统计分析。结果乌海市近6年无偿献血者中HIV感染率为0.6‰,在全国处于较高感染水平。对12例无偿献血HIV感染者人口学特征分布分别进行χ2检验,结果显示:性别、年龄、职业、户籍分布差异有统计学意义,学历分布差异无统计学意义。无偿献血HIV感染者全部为男性(感染率1.1‰),以18~35岁居多(感染率1.14‰),商业服务人员居多(感染率1.17‰),外省市人口居多(感染率1.1‰),有2人有多次献血史。2011年1月至2016年6月乌海市中心血站实验室HIV初筛结果与确认结果的符合率逐年提高。结论无偿献血工作面临严峻挑战,须加大宣传、管理力度,应当实行全国血站和疾病预防控制中心信息联网,减少不必要的血液采集。近年来,HIV检测试剂质量、乌海市中心血站实验室检测水平逐年提高。
Objective To understand the detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Wuhai blood donation groups and to provide reference information for the implementation of blood safety measures. Methods From January 2011 to June 2016, Wuhai city blood donation HIV test results were statistically analyzed. Results In the recent 6 years in Wuhai, the HIV infection rate in unpaid blood donors was 0.6 ‰, which was at a relatively high level in the country. The χ2 test was carried out on the demographic distribution of 12 HIV-infected donors without blood donation. The results showed that there were significant differences in the distribution of sex, age, occupation and household registration, but there was no significant difference in educational distribution. Most of the HIV-infected persons who were unpaid blood donors were men (infection rate 1.1 ‰), mostly from 18 to 35 years old (infection rate 1.14 ‰), commercial service workers (infection rate 1.17 ‰) and most other provinces and cities (infection rate 1.1 ‰) , 2 people have multiple blood donation history. From January 2011 to June 2016, the coincidence rates of HIV screening results and confirmation results of Wuhai Blood Center Laboratory have been increasing year by year. Conclusion The work of unpaid blood donation faces harsh challenges. It is necessary to step up publicity and management efforts. Information network of national blood stations and CDC should be implemented to reduce unnecessary blood collection. In recent years, the quality of HIV testing reagents, Wuhai City Blood Center laboratory testing levels increased year by year.