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美国环境文学是针对工业化发展模式与控制自然思维的批判,主要分为两个阶段。19世纪中期至20世纪60年代开启了美国环境文学的第一阶段,环境文学主题围绕歌颂自然之美,揭露环境危机,倡导环境保护展开,试图唤醒人们热爱自然、尊重自然、回归自然的生态意识。20年代至今是美国环境文学的繁荣期,弘扬环境正义是这一时代的主旋律。基于历史发展脉络,试图理清美国环境文学发展的流变,从而建构“自然性、整体性、交融性、主体间性”四位一体的美国环境文学批评范式。
American environmental literature is a criticism of industrialized development mode and control of natural thinking, and is mainly divided into two stages. From the middle of the 19th century to the first stage of American environmental literature in the 1960s, the theme of environmental literature revolved around praising the beauty of nature, exposing the environmental crisis, advocating environmental protection and trying to awaken people’s ecological consciousness of loving nature, respecting nature and returning to nature. Since the 1920s, the prosperity of environmental literature in the United States has flourished, and promoting environmental justice is the main theme of this era. Based on the historical development, trying to sort out the development of the development of environmental literature in the United States, we can construct the American environmental literary criticism paradigm of “nature, integrity, blending, intersubjectivity”.