以2000年Landsat-7 ETM+影像、地形图、数字高程数据等为数据源,从河道平面形态及河流纵剖面形态对黑龙江上中游河道特征进行分析。从河流动力特征、流域自然环境条件及人类活动方面探讨其对河道形态特征形成的影响。研究发现:黑龙江上中游河道曲折系数均值为1.20,属于微弯顺直型河道,整体相对稳定,但局部河段河道形态复杂,河流纵剖面形态为下凹型曲线;河流形态的形成遵循一定的河流动力学规律,是水流和河床在自然因素与人类活动影响下相互作用结果。 Based on the 2000 Landsat-7 ETM + images, topographic maps and digital elevation data, the characteristics of the upper and middle reaches of Heilongjiang River were analyzed from the planar shapes of rivers and the longitudinal profiles of rivers. From the characteristics of river dynamics, the natural environmental conditions and human activities in the river basin, the paper discusses the influence on river formation characteristics. It is found that the mean tortuous coefficient of the upper and middle reaches of Heilongjiang River is 1.20, which belongs to the micro-bend and straight river, and the whole is relatively stable. However, the shape of the river is complicated with the curve of the longitudinal profile of the river is concave curve. The formation of the river follows a certain river The law of dynamics is the result of the interaction between water and riverbed under the influence of natural and human activities.