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美国联邦最高法院设定米兰达规则至今已逾四十年。伦奎斯特从70年代塔科尔案到本世纪初迪克森案,三十年如一日地引领最高法院在合理的限制中发展米兰达规则。本文试析伦奎斯特对美国宪法第五、第六修正案的理解,评点后米兰达时期相关宪法判例,阐述伦奎斯特坚持的路线——谨慎地控制警察进行侦查时的自由裁量权;维护米兰达判决的权威性,但须明确限制其适用范围。全文旨在梳理伦奎斯特刑事被告人宪法保护的法律思想,期待我国在刑事诉讼法的修改过程中能够适当借鉴其核心精神。
The Supreme Court of the United States has set Miranda rules for more than 40 years. Rehnquist leads the Supreme Court thirty years to develop Miranda’s rules within reasonable limits, from the Tuckol in the 1970s to the Dickson case in the early 2000s. This article attempts to analyze Rehnquist’s understanding of the Fifth and Sixth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution, comment on the relevant constitutional precedent after Miranda, and explain Rehnquist’s line of insistence - to exercise due diligence in controlling discretion of the police in the investigation ; Maintains the authority of Miranda’s judgment, but it must explicitly limit its scope of application. The full text aims to sort out the legal idea of Rehnquist criminal defendants’ constitutional protection and expects that our country can properly draw on its core spirit in the process of revising the Criminal Procedure Law.