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黑碳是化石燃料或生物有机体不完全燃烧的产物,其广泛分布于土壤中。为了解农业土壤中黑碳的分布特征,以浙北平原为研究区,采集了68个土样,研究了土地利用方式、施肥方式和地理位置等对农业土壤中黑碳分布特征的影响。结果表明,浙北平原农业土壤中表土黑碳含量在1.69～15.22gkg-1之间,其占土壤有机碳总量的11.3%～53.2%之间。旱地土壤黑碳与水田土壤之间差异不大,但黑碳占土壤总碳的比例一般是旱地高于水田。长期施用有机肥的土壤中黑碳含量明显高于施化肥的土壤;土壤黑碳含量具有随离城市距离增加而下降的趋势。长期燃煤的工厂附近土壤中有较高的黑碳含量和黑碳占土壤有机总碳的比例。从土壤剖面垂直分布来看,表土黑碳含量一般高于心土,但其占总有机碳的比例变化较为复杂,农业利用时间越长的土壤,该比例是表土高于心土,而耕作时间较短的土壤该比例却是底土高于表土。
Black carbon is a product of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels or biological organisms and is widely distributed in the soil. In order to understand the distribution characteristics of black carbon in agricultural soils, a total of 68 soil samples were collected from the North Zhejiang Plain. The effects of land use patterns, fertilization patterns and geographical locations on the distribution characteristics of black carbon in agricultural soils were studied. The results showed that the content of black carbon in surface soil of the Northern Zhejiang Plain was between 1.69 and 15.22 gkg-1, accounting for 11.3% -53.2% of the total soil organic carbon. There is not much difference between dry land black soil and paddy soil, but the ratio of black carbon to total soil carbon is generally higher in dry land than in paddy field. In the long-term application of organic fertilizer, the content of black carbon in soil was significantly higher than that of chemical fertilizers. The content of black carbon in soil decreased with the distance from the city. The soil near the factory where long-term coal is fired has a higher proportion of black carbon and black carbon as a percentage of total organic carbon in the soil. In terms of the vertical distribution of soil profile, the content of black carbon in topsoil is generally higher than that of heart and soil, but the proportion of total organic carbon in the soil varies more slowly and the agricultural use time is longer. The proportion of the shorter soil is subsoil above the topsoil.