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问题是现实与期望之间的差距,是一种不理想状态,这种状态不具有物理实在,不是大自然直接给出的,而是依赖于问题主体的背景知识:问题的提出总是和一定的知识或概念框架相联系;问题的分析理解总在一定的理论背景知识中进行;而对先前理论知识的预设确定,是问题解决的冲破口。从问题的提出、分析理解以及问题的解决角度来探讨问题与理论关系,可以看出问题的整个成长过程都呈现着理论的渗透。问题渗透理论的探究有助于对科学本质的认识,为科学问题的评价研究奠定基础。
The problem is the gap between reality and expectation. It is an imperfect state. This state does not have the physical reality. It is not the direct nature given by nature, but depends on the background knowledge of the subject of the question: the question is always and certainly Knowledge or conceptual framework; analysis and understanding of the problem are always carried out in a certain theoretical background knowledge; and the preconceived determination of prior theoretical knowledge is a breakthrough in problem solving. From the point of view of the problem, analysis and understanding and the solution of the problem to explore the relationship between the problem and the theory, we can see that the whole process of the problem presents the theory of infiltration. The exploration of the problem penetration theory helps to understand the nature of science and lays the foundation for the evaluation of scientific problems.