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作为一种非正式组织,明清时期徽州乡村社会中的会社组织极为发达,不仅会社类型丰富,而且活动频繁。每一会社都订立有自己的规条和约章,并在规条和约章的指导下开展活动。本文从明清徽州会社的分类、内容、特征和功能考察入手,对明清徽州乡村社会中会社的议约、序文和条规等进行了全面、系统、深入的分析和探讨。指出,明清徽州乡村社会中会社的条规,具有时效性、模糊性、变通性和程式性等鲜明特征。各种会社的规约,对规范和整合会员行为、协调会社内部各种关系以及维护明清徽州乡村社会秩序,都具有较强的功能和作用。
As an informal organization, the social organizations in the Huizhou rural society during the Ming and Qing Dynasties were highly developed. They not only enjoyed rich social functions but also enjoyed frequent activities. Each club has its own rules and regulations, and rules and regulations under the guidance of activities. This article starts from the classification, contents, features and functions of Huizhou society in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and makes a comprehensive, systematic and in-depth analysis and discussion of the conventions, prefaces and rules of clubs in the rural society of Huizhou in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It points out that the rules and regulations of clubs in the rural society of Huizhou in the Ming and Qing Dynasties are characterized by timeliness, fuzziness, flexibility and programming. Statutes of various clubs have a strong function and role in regulating and integrating membership behaviors, coordinating various relationships within the clubhouse, and maintaining the social order in the rural areas of Huizhou in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.