论文部分内容阅读
输油系统出现故障，进行抢修或是输油设备进行定期维修都要求停输。停输可作为输油管道运行管理的一种手段，但停输引起的一些问题也应特别注意，尤其是如何确定安全停输时间成为停输工艺的关键。热油管道停输后，管内存油的温度下降，粘度上升。当存油温度降到一定程度时，管道再启动工作就会变得十分困难，甚至发生凝管事故。输油管道安全停输时间计算的准确与否直接影响到管线安全运行及效益，该项计算极其复杂，需要综合考虑整个输油系统各方面的因素。根据热油管道的流动特征，建立了热油管道停输数学模型，并用追赶法计算安全停输时间，从而为指导生产防止凝管事故发生提供了科学的依据。计算结果与实测数据基本相符
Transmission system failure, repair or oil transportation equipment for regular maintenance are required to stop transmission. Shutting down can be used as a means of operation and management of oil pipeline. However, some problems caused by shut down should also be paid special attention. In particular, how to determine the safe shut-down time becomes the key to the shut-down process. After the shutdown of the hot oil pipeline, the temperature of the tube memory oil drops and the viscosity rises. When the oil temperature dropped to a certain extent, the pipeline will be very difficult to start the work, and even coagulation accidents. The accurate calculation of the safety shutdown time of oil pipelines will directly affect the safe operation and benefits of the pipeline. This calculation is extremely complicated and requires comprehensive consideration of various factors of the entire oil recovery system. According to the flow characteristics of hot oil pipeline, the mathematic model of hot oil pipeline is set up, and the safety shutdown time is calculated by catch-up method, which provides a scientific basis for guiding the production to prevent coagulation accidents. The calculated results are basically in line with the measured data