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三江源地区由于发展落后,当地农户仍以畜粪等生物质能源为主要燃料,破坏了当地脆弱的草地生态系统的物质循环,造成生态系统恶化。为缓解能源和环境问题,政府向当地农户推广使用太阳能设备。本文采用入户调查与统计资料分析相结合的办法,查明当地农户太阳能使用现状,并预测农户太阳能开发利用潜力。在此基础上,评价太阳能资源的开发利用对生态系统服务功能价值的影响。结果显示:①贵南县农户目前使用的太阳能设备每年可产生99717500MJ的能量,相当于191107.8hm2草地承载的牦牛产生的干牛粪的能量。如果使牛粪自然还草,可使草地生态系统服务功能价值提高12.5759亿元人民币;②如果太阳能资源全面开发利用,每年可以节省113380t标准煤,相当于6368309hm2草地承载的牦牛每年产生的干牛粪能量。如果这些牛粪全部还草,可以使草地生态系统服务功能价值提高419.0686亿元人民币。
Due to the backward development in Sanjiangyuan area, local farmers still use biomass energy such as livestock dung as the main fuel, which has damaged the material circulation of the local fragile grassland ecosystem and caused the deterioration of the ecosystem. To alleviate energy and environmental problems, the government promoted the use of solar energy equipment to local farmers. In this paper, a combination of household survey and statistical data analysis to identify the current status of solar energy farmers and farmers to predict the potential of solar energy development and utilization. On this basis, evaluate the impact of the development and utilization of solar energy resources on the value of ecosystem services. The results show that: ① The solar energy equipment used by farmers in Guinan County can generate energy of 99717500 MJ per year, equivalent to the energy of dry cow manure produced by yaks of 191107.8hm2 grassland. If cow dung is naturally grass, the service value of grassland ecosystem services will be increased by 1.25759 billion yuan; ② If the solar energy resources are fully exploited and utilized, 113380 tons of standard coal will be saved each year, equivalent to 6368309hm2 grassland annual dry cow dung energy. If all of these cattle manure were returned, the value of grassland ecosystem services could be increased by 41.96868 billion yuan.