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放射性核束物理和核天体物理是国际核物理研究的前沿,关键科学问题包括:壳演化和新幻数、原子核的中子稳定极限(中子滴线)、超重新元素的合成、原子核的晕结构、新的衰变模式、宇宙中铁以上重元素的核合成机制等.为了解决这些关键科学问题,世界各国都投入大量人力物力建造可以用来产生放射性核束的大型实验装置.综述了国内外已有、在建和计划中的核物理不稳定核束装置情况,并介绍了新一代装置——北京丰中子束流装置(BISOL)的设想.BISOL装置计划采用反应堆和强流氘加速器双驱动源,综合在线同位素分离和炮弹碎裂两种成熟技术,可产生比国内外现有装置强度高1~2个量级的极端丰中子束流,同时通过建设强流氘加速器,提供国际最强的加速器中子源之一,以此为基础大力推进核能系统材料研究.
Radionuclear Beam Physics and Nuclear Astrophysics are at the forefront of international nuclear physics research. The key scientific issues include shell evolution and new magic numbers, neutron stability limits for nuclei (neutron drifting), synthesis of superheavy elements, Structure, the new decay mode, the nuclear synthesis mechanism of heavy elements above the iron in the universe, etc. In order to solve these key scientific problems, all countries in the world have devoted a great deal of manpower and material resources to constructing a large-scale experimental device that can be used to generate radioactive nuclear beam Yes, under construction and planned nuclear instability nuclear beam device situation, and introduced a new generation of devices - Beijing Feng Neutron Beam Device (BISOL) envisaged.BISOL device is planned to use a dual-drive reactor and high-intensity deuterium accelerator Source, comprehensive on-line isotope separation and shell fragmentation can produce extremely abundant neutron beams of 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher strength than existing devices at home and abroad. At the same time, by building a strong current deuterium accelerator, As one of the strong accelerator neutron sources, we vigorously promote the research of nuclear energy system materials.