在医院中首先用于治疗革蓝氏阴性菌感染的抗生素是氨基糖苷类以及扩谱的青霉素类和头孢菌素类,但这些药物都存在一定的弊端,青霉素类和头孢菌素类因其过敏反应限制了使用,还由于它们所具有的广谱活性’改变了肠内正常菌丛,而导至发展伪膜结肠炎。氨基糖苷类具有耳肾毒性,治疗期间需要监测血药浓度。 Aztreonam(AZT)不但是第一个有用的单环β-内酰胺剂,而且避免了上述二类抗生素的不足。AZT具有卓越体外抗菌活性,对肠杆菌科。嗜血杆菌属和奈瑟氏球菌的MIC_s为1mg/L或更低,它还能抗其它抗菌剂的多重耐药菌,对绿脓杆菌也有强的抗菌作 The first antibiotics used to treat Gram-negative infections in hospitals are aminoglycosides and the extended-spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins. However, these drugs all have certain drawbacks. Penicillins and cephalosporins are allergic to them The reaction limits the use and also leads to the development of pseudomembranous colitis due to the fact that their broad spectrum of activities alter the normal gut flora in the intestine. Aminoglycosides with ototoxicity, need to monitor plasma concentration during treatment. Aztreonam (AZT) is not only the first useful monocyclic beta-lactam, but also avoids the deficiencies of the above two types of antibiotics. AZT has excellent in vitro antibacterial activity against Enterobacteriaceae. Haemophilus and Neisseria MICs of 1mg / L or less, it is also resistant to other antibacterial multi-resistant bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa also has strong antibacterial work