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本文系罗马尼亚著名专家L·巴罗加教授根据各运动项目的特点撰写的,原文发表在罗《体育运动》杂志上。现根据苏联《国外体育》上的译文,摘编其中一部分,供专业和业余训练中参考。其中关于下面几点有必要加以说明:①总负荷量,即每次训练课完成的总公斤数;负荷量指数即总负荷量除以运动员的体重;强度指数为负荷量指数除以一次训练课的总次数。文中的计算只是一种模式,其中算的不精确的地方,甚至错算,漏算的地方已发现有多处,未一一加以修改。②运动量和强度我们只可用来做为参考。并且不是一成不变的。随着力量素质的提高,可以增加量和强度。一般说来,强度指数在0.4——0.5以下,表明主要是发展力量性耐力,在0.6——0.8左右,主要是发展速度性力量,在0.9——1.0以上主要是发展爆发力和绝对力量。完全要根据运动员的具体情况和训练中的要求,加以掌握。③短跑、兰球、足球、排球、击剑、乒乓球,准备期每周可进行2—4次训练;跳跃、柔道可进行3—5次训练,速滑、体操等可达5—6次乃至7—8次。冬季都可以比夏季多些。比赛期和积极性休息时期,每周的训练次数,训练量(强度、组数、次数)均可以减半,起到保持力量的作用。
This article is a famous Romanian expert Professor L Baroda based on the characteristics of the various sports written, published in Luo Sports magazine. According to the Soviet Union, “Foreign Sports” on the translation, excerpts part of, for professional and amateur training reference. Among them, it is necessary to explain the following points: ① The total load, that is, the total kilograms per training class; the load index is the total load divided by the athlete’s weight; the strength index is the load index divided by a training class The total number of times. The calculation in this paper is just a model, where inaccuracies in calculation, or even miscalculation, missing places have been found in many places, not one by one to be amended. ② exercise and intensity we can only be used as a reference. And not static. As the strength of the quality improvement, you can increase the amount and intensity. In general, the strength index below 0.4--0.5, indicating that the main development of power endurance, at about 0.6-0.8, mainly the development of speed force, in more than 0.9--1.0 is mainly the development of explosive force and absolute power. Fully according to the specific situation of athletes and training requirements, to be mastered. ③ sprint, blue ball, football, volleyball, fencing, table tennis, preparations can be 2-4 times a week training; jumping, judo can be 3-5 times training, speed skating, gymnastics up to 5-6 times and even 7-8 times. Winter can be more than summer. During the rest period of the competition and enthusiasm, the number of trainings per week, the amount of training (strength, number of groups, times) can be halved and the force can be maintained.