土方开挖时,破坏了原来土的受力状况,土体中产生了不平衡,边坡就会塌方。产生塌方的原因主要有:基坑边坡太陡,土体失去稳定性;基坑土质较差,开挖深度大,边坡土体失去稳定;雨水、地下水或施工用水渗入边坡,使土体的重量加大及抗剪能力降低;基坑边缘附近大量堆土或停放机具,使土体产生的剪应力超过土体的抗剪强度等,这些 When the earth is excavated, the original soil’s stress conditions are destroyed, the soil produces an imbalance, and the slope collapses. The causes of landslides are: the steep slope of the foundation pit, the loss of stability of the soil, the poor soil quality of the foundation pit, the large depth of excavation, and the loss of stability of the slope soil; rain, groundwater, or construction water seeps into the slope, making the soil The weight of the body increases and the shear resistance decreases; a large amount of soil or parking equipment near the edge of the foundation pit causes the shear stress generated by the soil to exceed the shear strength of the soil.