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目的:探讨麻风病患者的眼部病变的流行病学和眼部疾病类型。方法:眼科医生历经3a就各自治疗中心的麻风病患者进行了检查,记录视力后,手电筒和放大镜观察眼前节,Schiotz眼压计测量眼内压,tropicamide眼水散大瞳孔后,直接眼底镜检查眼底。结果:麻风病患者1004例中,530例属瘤性麻风,413例属结核样型麻风,61例属界限类麻风,606例(60.3%)患者出现了与麻风病有关的眼部损害,其中,角膜改变(81.1%)最多见,其次是眼睑改变(42.1%),在这些患者中,还发现了可引起潜在性的视力损害的疾患,如兔眼症(17.3%)、角膜知觉麻痹(36.1%)、虹膜睫状体炎(17.3%),无1例患者出现与麻风病有关的眼底改变,177例(17.6%)麻风病患者患有白内障,169例(16.8%)因麻风病而失明,慢性虹膜睫状体炎及其并发症是失明患者最常见的病因。结论:60.3%的麻风病患者发现了眼部改变,其中2/3患者伴有角膜损害,它是最常见的及对视力危害最大的疾患,16.8%的患者因麻风病而失明,早期发现麻风病患者的眼部损害和早期治疗潜在性的视力损害及白内障可降低麻风病患者的致盲率。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiology and types of ocular diseases in patients with leprosy. Methods: The ophthalmologist examined the leprosy patients in their respective treatment centers after 3a for 3 years. After recording the visual acuity, the anterior segment was observed with a flashlight and a magnifying glass, the intraocular pressure was measured with a Schiotz tonometer, and the direct ophthalmoscopy fundus. Results: Of the 1004 leprosy patients, 530 were leprosy, 413 were tuberculosis-like leprosy, and 61 were leprosy, and 606 (60.3%) had eye damage associated with leprosy, of which (81.1%) were the most common, followed by eyelid changes (42.1%). Among these patients, there were also conditions that could potentially cause visual impairment such as rabbit eye disease (17.3%), corneal sensory palsy 36.1%) and iridocyclitis (17.3%). No patient had leprosy related fundus changes, 177 (17.6%) had leprosy, cataracts, 169 (16.8%) due to leprosy Blindness, chronic iridocyclitis, and its complications are the most common causes of blindness. CONCLUSIONS: 60.3% of leprosy patients had ocular changes. About two-thirds of them had corneal damage. They were the most common and the most damaging to visual acuity. 16.8% of patients were blind due to leprosy. Early detection of leprosy Eye damage and early treatment of patients Potential eye damage and cataracts can reduce the rate of blinding in patients with leprosy.