学校德育工作是一个主观见之于客观的、主体改造客体的社会实践过程,在这一过程中,学生是被教育、被改造的客体对象。但是,这一客体对象是具体的现实的人,具有人的意识、心理、情感、希求、欲望以及对外界事物观察、分析、评价、选择等思维活动。学生思想品德的形成和发展,只有通过学生内在的思想和心理活动才能完成。因此,学生又是德育过程中的主体。所以,在学校德育工作中必须充分发挥学生的主体能动作用,这是我们提高德育工作效率的一个重要途径。在德育工作中发挥学生的主体能动性,主要有三方面内容。一是调动学生认知社会、思考人 The school moral education work is a social practice process which subjectively sees the subject and transforms the object. In this process, the student is the object of education and reformed object. However, this object is a concrete and realistic person. It has consciousness, psychology, emotions, desires, desires, and observations, analyses, evaluations, choices, and other thinking activities. The formation and development of students’ ideological morality can only be accomplished through the students’ internal ideological and psychological activities. Therefore, students are the main body of the moral education process. Therefore, it is necessary to give full play to the students’ main functions in school moral education. This is an important way for us to improve the efficiency of moral education. In the work of moral education, students’ initiative is brought into play mainly in three aspects. The first is to motivate students to recognize society and think about people.