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肝肾综合征(HRS)一名最先由Helwig及Schutz于1932年提出,用于胆道梗阻术后发生肾功能衰竭病人的诊断。以后陆续出现一些其他的名称,如肾功能自发性损害、肾脏血流动力衰竭、少尿性肾衰以及功能性肾衰等,而以肝肾综合征及功能性肾衰的名称较常应用。目前认为凡重症肝病特别是肝硬变的病人,出现肾功能衰竭,临床或实验室检查不能发现任何其他原因,既往亦无肾病史,均属于HRS的范畴。这种肾衰的肾脏在组织学上并不能发现明显的病变,尤其值得注意的是死于HKS的病人,其肾脏可用来做为同种肾移植的供肾,如受体的肝脏正常,则原来无功能的肾脏,移植后可很快恢复正常功能,
Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) was first proposed by Helwig and Schutz in 1932 for the diagnosis of renal failure in patients with biliary obstruction. After some other names appear one after another, such as spontaneous renal damage, renal blood flow failure, oliguric renal failure and functional renal failure, etc., and the more often used in the name of liver and kidney syndrome and functional renal failure. Currently, patients with severe liver disease, especially cirrhosis, have renal failure, and clinical or laboratory examination can not find any other cause. There is no history of renal disease in the past, and all belong to the category of HRS. This renal failure in the histology of the kidney can not be found in obvious lesions, in particular, is worth noting that patients died of HKS, the kidneys can be used for allogeneic renal transplant donor kidney, if the recipient’s liver is normal, then The original non-functional kidney, can quickly restore normal function after transplantation,