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目的探讨涂片阳性肺结核病例家庭密切接触者的活动性肺结核患病情况。方法选择深圳市南山区慢性病防治院2011年3月至2014年12月痰涂片阳性的700例肺结核患者作为指示病例,对这些患者家庭成员进行X线胸片检查、结核菌素实验及痰涂片检查,了解肺结核病例家庭密切接触者的肺结核患病率。结果涂片阳性肺结核病例家庭密切接触者的活动性肺结核患病率为3.48%,且患病率会随指示病例排菌量的增高而增高,家庭密切接触者中以年龄≥55岁及<15岁者患病率最高,与其他年龄组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论涂片阳性肺结核病例家庭密切接触者的活动性肺结核患病率较高,以年龄>55岁及<15岁者患病率最高,因此要提高警惕,防止活动性肺结核的蔓延。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of active tuberculosis in close contacts of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in families. Methods A total of 700 pulmonary tuberculosis patients who were positive for sputum smear from March 2011 to December 2014 in Nanshan District of Shenzhen were enrolled as indicated cases. The family members of these patients were examined by X-ray, tuberculin test and sputum smear Check for tuberculosis among close family members of tuberculosis cases. Results The prevalence of active tuberculosis in close contacts of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients was 3.48%. The prevalence rate of tuberculosis was increased with the increased amount of inoculated bacteria. In the close contacts of family members, the prevalence of tuberculosis was ≥55 years and <15 The prevalence of the highest in the elderly, compared with other age groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of active tuberculosis in close contacts of smear-positive tuberculosis patients in families with high prevalence is highest among those aged> 55 years and <15 years. Therefore, vigilance should be raised to prevent the spread of active tuberculosis.