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外国判决的承认与执行在国际民事程序法中是最后的一环,也是极为重要的一环。国际民事诉讼中的当事人经过管辖法院以及主体资格的确认,连结点和准据法的适用,以及经过一系列的审判程序获得有利判决后,如果可执行的标的不在审判国,他根据判决获得的利益的实现最终都要归结到标的所在国对判决的承认与执行。无论是出于政治的目的还是为了保护自身的利益,各国都一致性地在自己的程序法律制度中规定了种种措施对外国判决的承认进行控制,这些法律制度的总和被称为承认法(Anerkennungsrecht,包括承认外国判决的管辖、程序、条件以及法律救济等法律制度)。本文将对承认法中各方的各种利益进行分析和考量,并就国际统一判决承认与执行法的可能做以论述。
The recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments are the last and most important part of the international civil procedural law. After the parties in international civil lawsuit have passed the competent court and the confirmation of the qualifications of the main body, the application of the connecting points and the applicable law, and the favorable judgments passed through a series of trial procedures, if the enforceable subject is not in the trial state, he obtains according to the judgment Ultimately, the realization of interests should be attributed to the country where the subject matter is recognized and enforced. Whether for political purposes or for the protection of their own interests, all countries have consistently established in their procedural legal systems measures to control the recognition of foreign judgments, the sum of these legal systems known as the Anerkennungsrecht , Including the jurisdiction of foreign judgments, procedures, conditions and legal remedies and other legal systems). This article will analyze and consider the various interests of various parties in the recognition of the law and discuss the possibility of recognizing and enforcing the law in a unified international judgment.