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土壤侵蚀是当今世界主要的环境问题之一,它恶化着生态和人类生存环境,严重制约着农业生产力的提高,同时泥沙淤积危害水利设施,严重影响着国民经济的发展。近年基于GIS技术的各种土壤侵蚀计算模型相继出现,为环境管理部门对土壤侵蚀的量化评估、预测提供了重要的可靠参考,并为决策的拟定提供了科学依据。本文分析了基于GIS技术量化评估水土流失的原理,还指出了实践过程中存在的技术不足,为学科的发展提出了有利的建议。
Soil erosion is one of the major environmental problems in the world today. It worsens the ecological and human living environment and seriously restricts the improvement of agricultural productivity. Simultaneously, siltation and sedimentation damage water conservancy facilities and seriously affect the development of the national economy. In recent years, all kinds of soil erosion calculation models based on GIS have appeared one after another, which provided an important reliable reference for the environmental management department on the quantitative assessment and prediction of soil erosion and provided a scientific basis for the formulation of the decision. This paper analyzes the principle of quantitative assessment of soil and water loss based on GIS technology, points out the technical deficiencies in practice, and puts forward some favorable suggestions for the development of the discipline.