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在双目解剖镜和扫描电镜下,观测27例新鲜人脑的大脑中动脉中央支脑内段的起源、外径、排列方式、分布及微血管构筑。1.中央支脑外段呈S形走行。脑内段为脑外段的延续或其侧支,进入脑实质后重新排列为前内、后外的矢状位扇形外观。2.脑内段以锐角或直角发出纵行或横行侧支,形成具有Ⅰ～Ⅳ级分支的树状结构。脑内段起始部外径内侧群平均0.21±0.18mm;外侧群平均0.36±0.21mm。3.内侧群主要分布于内囊和基底核区的前部,外侧群主要分布于该区的后部。4.毛细血管前微动脉、毛细血管起始处及微静脉属支注入主干处均可见环形平滑肌缩窄环。微动脉间、微静脉间存有吻合。本文讨论了中央支脑内段与脑血流动力学及脑血管疾病间的关系;脑内微循环的调控装置及微血管间的吻合。
Under binocular dissection microscope and scanning electron microscope, the origin, outer diameter, arrangement, distribution and microvascular structure of central segment of middle cerebral artery of 27 fresh human brains were observed. 1. The central branch of the outer segment was S-shaped walk. Intracerebral segment for the continuation of the outer segment of the brain or its collateral, into the parenchyma after rearrangement for the former inside and outside the outer sagittal fan-shaped appearance. 2. Brain segments at acute or right angle issued by the longitudinal or transverse collateral, the formation of branches with grade Ⅰ ~ Ⅳ tree structure. The inner part of the medial segment of the inner segment of the brain segment averaged 0.21 ± 0.18mm; the lateral group was 0.36 ± 0.21mm on average. The medial group mainly located in the anterior part of the inner capsule and basal ganglia, lateral group mainly in the back of the area. 4. Anterior capillary capillaries, capillaries and micro venous branches into the main branches are visible ring smooth muscle narrow ring. Micro-arteries, micro venules exist between the anastomosis. This article discusses the relationship between the central branch of the brain and cerebral hemodynamics and cerebrovascular disease; the regulation of microcirculation in the brain and the anastomosis between capillaries.