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目的了解中小型家具制造业外来务工人员心理健康现状,探讨影响工人心理健康水平的可能因素,为工人进行心理干预提供参考。方法采取分层抽样的方法,从中山市9家中小微型家具制造企业中抽取440名工人进行问卷调查。问卷包括一般情况、工作情况、经济情况、劳动保障以及SF-12量表等内容。结果工人心理总评分为(52.97±7.36)分,活力为(72.21±22.90)分,社会功能为(94.44±16.22)分,情绪对角色功能的影响为(84.13±32.70)分,心理功能为(78.43±16.92)分。单因素分析对心理总评分有统计学意义的因素有年龄、婚姻状况、个人月均收入、每日工作时间和噪声接触(P<0.05);多重线性回归分析结果:影响工人心理总评分的因素有年龄和每日工作时间,其中每日工作时间的影响较大。结论年龄和每日工作时间是工人心理健康的影响因素,对工人应加强针对性的心理干预,从而为工人较高层次的心理需要提供动力。
Objective To understand the status quo of mental health of migrant workers in small and medium sized furniture manufacturing industry and to explore possible factors that affect their mental health so as to provide reference for workers’ psychological intervention. Methods By stratified sampling, 440 workers from 9 small and medium sized furniture manufacturers in Zhongshan City were surveyed. Questionnaire includes the general situation, work conditions, economic conditions, labor protection and SF-12 scale and so on. Results The total psychological score of the workers was (52.97 ± 7.36) points, the activity was (72.21 ± 22.90) points and the social function was (94.44 ± 16.22) points. The emotional influence on the role of the characters was (84.13 ± 32.70) points, the psychological function was ( 78.43 ± 16.92) points. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant factors in total psychological score, such as age, marital status, individual monthly income, daily working time and noise exposure (P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing workers’ total psychological scores There are age and daily working hours, of which daily working hours have a greater impact. Conclusion Age and daily working hours are the influencing factors of workers’ mental health. Psychological intervention should be strengthened for workers so as to provide higher motivation to the psychological needs of workers.