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背景:泰国中部42个社区与综合医院。目的:检验泰国中部公立医院不足的室内通风对院内结核病预防的影响。设计:通过横断面调查了解目标医院的323个患者医疗区域和辅助区域的室内通风率,通过追踪气体法测量每小时换气次数,并将测量结果与国际推荐值进行比较。结果:近半数调查区域的室内通风率不符合要求(144/323,44.6%),特别是在急诊室和放射室通风不足更为严重,有73.8%的房间(均为31/42)每小时换气次数低于国际推荐值。详细分析发现使用自然通风的房间大都超过国际推荐值,而使用空调设备的房间恰恰相反,特别是窗式空调和分体式空调。结论:在泰国公立医院中,结核病院内感染高风险区室内通风不足,主要是因为在现代建筑中大量安装空调系统。
Background: 42 communities and general hospitals in central Thailand. Objective: To examine the impact of inadequate indoor ventilation on prevention of nosocomial tuberculosis in Central Thai public hospitals. Design: A cross-sectional survey of indoor ventilations in 323 medical and secondary areas of targeted hospitals, hourly ventilation by tracing gas method, and comparison of measurements with international recommendations. Results: Indoor ventilation rates were not satisfactory (144 / 323,44.6%) in nearly half of the surveyed areas, especially in emergency rooms and radiology rooms, with 73.8% of rooms (31/42 each) The number of ventilation is lower than the international recommended value. Detailed analysis found that most of the rooms using natural ventilation exceeded international recommended values, while rooms using air-conditioning equipment on the contrary, especially window air-conditioners and split air conditioners. CONCLUSIONS: In public hospitals in Thailand, inadequate ventilation in the high-risk areas of tuberculosis is due to the large number of air-conditioning systems installed in modern buildings.