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目的调查分析东阳市发生的1例儿童感染H7N9禽流感病例的流行特征和传染源。方法开展病例个案回顾性调查和对病例密切接触者判定、追踪和医学观察;检测外环境和活禽溯源调查,分析传染源。结果患儿为托幼儿童,2014年2月26日发病,主要症状为发热、咳嗽;2月27日甲型流感病毒抗原胶体金快速检测阳性后开始口服奥司他韦,抗病毒治疗15小时后体温降至37.4℃,咽拭子H7N9禽流感病毒核酸检测自发病后第6天开始阴性,3月6日痊愈出院。39名密切接触者经7天医学观察均未出现异常。患者父母为活禽销售人员,有活禽摊位暴露史,活禽摊位及其所售活禽来源的批发市场外环境标本检测,H7N9禽流感病毒阳性。结论该病例为轻症病例,治疗效果明显,传染源为活禽或活禽环境接触。
Objective To investigate and analyze the epidemiological and infectious sources of one case of H7N9 bird flu in Dongyang City. Methods Retrospective investigation of case cases and judgment, tracking and medical observation of case close contacts were carried out. Surveillance of external environment and live poultry were conducted to investigate sources of infection. Results The children were nurseries and kindergartens, with onset on February 26, 2014. The main symptoms were fever and cough. On February 27, patients were given oral oseltamivir after rapid detection of colloidal gold of influenza A virus and 15 hours of antiviral treatment After the body temperature dropped to 37.4 ℃, throat swab H7N9 bird flu virus nucleic acid detection since the onset of the first 6 days after the onset of negative, March 6 discharged. 39 close contacts after 7 days of medical observation were not abnormal. H7N9 bird flu positive for patients whose parents were live poultry salespeople with a history of exposure to live poultry stalls, detection of environmental samples from live poultry stalls and wholesale markets where live poultry were sold. Conclusion This case is a mild case, the treatment effect is obvious, the source of infection for live poultry or live fowl contact.