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目的了解社区初中生主要身体形态指标和机能指标的发育现况。方法采用随机整群抽样法选取杭州市蒋村(文新)街道4所初中537名初中生的体检报告,计算各年级段学生身高、体重、肺活量、收缩压、舒张压和脉搏等的平均值,参照中国初中生身高标准体重评价初三学生的发育状况;并比较不同体质指数学生的肺活量和血压差异。结果杭州市蒋村初中生身高、体重、肺活量和血压随年龄呈逐年上升趋势,脉搏趋于相对恒定。其中,肺活量与身高、体重呈现明显的相关和依存关系(P均<0.01),血压与身高、体重呈现弱相关和依存关系,脉搏与身高、体重无相关和依存关系(P均>0.05)。初三学生体质指数评价结果为:消瘦(男9.47%,女0.73%),较低体重(男44.70%,女27.47%),正常体重(男23.11%,女47.99%),超重(男5.68%,女6.59%),肥胖(男17.05%,女17.22%)。不同体质指数男女生的肺活量和血压分别进行比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论杭州市蒋村(文新)街道初中生主要身体形态和机能指标总体发育良好,但男生消瘦和较低体重的比例明显高于女生,男女生肥胖人数也存在一定比例,不容忽视。
Objective To understand the development status of primary body shape and function indexes of junior middle school students in community. Methods A total of 537 middle school students from 4 junior high schools in Jiangcun (Wenxin) Street of Hangzhou City were selected to study the physical examination results by random cluster sampling method. The average height, weight, vital capacity, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse of each grade were calculated , According to the height standard weight of Chinese junior high school students to evaluate the development of junior high school students; and to compare the difference of vital capacity and blood pressure of different body mass index students. Results The results showed that the height, weight, vital capacity and blood pressure of junior middle school students in Jiangcun, Hangzhou City increased year by year, and the pulse tended to be relatively constant. Among them, vital capacity was significantly correlated with height and weight (P <0.01). There was a weak correlation and dependence between blood pressure and height and weight. There was no correlation and dependence between pulse and height and weight (P> 0.05). The results of body mass index of junior high school students were: wasting (9.47%, 0.73%), lower weight (44.70%, 27.47%), normal weight (23.11%, 47.99% , Female 6.59%), obesity (male 17.05%, female 17.22%). The lung capacity and blood pressure of boys and girls with different body mass index were compared respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions The main body shape and function indexes of middle school students in Jiangcun (Wenxin) street in Hangzhou are well developed. However, the ratio of weight loss and lower body weight of boys is obviously higher than that of girls. There is also a certain proportion of obesity among boys and girls, which can not be neglected.