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专利权质押贷款作为一种新型融资方式,对解决科技型企业尤其是中小科技型企业的资金缺口发挥重要作用,因此得到国家的高度重视。但由于专利权质押贷款的风险高且难以量化,大大降低贷款银行的积极性。因此要提高商业银行参与专利权质押贷款业务的积极性,最重要的途径之一是建立一套完整的商业银行专利权质押贷款风险预警模型,对风险进行衡量并进行控制。本文运用主成分分析法,对选取专利权质押贷款案例的风险状况进行判定,借鉴“3δ”法则确定专利权质押贷款的风险预警标准,根据量化的风险值确定质押贷款案例的风险等级。同时建立预警模型可以有效地对商业银行专利权质押贷款风险进行预警。
As a new financing method, pledge loan of patent rights plays an important role in solving the funding gap of science and technology enterprises, especially small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises, and therefore receives the great attention of the state. However, due to the high risk of patent pledged loans and the difficulty of quantification, the enthusiasm of lending banks is greatly reduced. Therefore, one of the most important ways to improve the commercial banks’ participation in the pledge loan business is to set up a complete early warning model of pledged loan risks of commercial banks, to measure and control the risks. In this paper, the principal component analysis is used to determine the risk status of pledged loan cases, and the “3δ ” rule is used to determine the risk early warning standard of pledged loan. According to the quantified risk value, the risk level of the pledged loan case is determined. At the same time, the establishment of early warning model can effectively preempt the commercial banks pledge loan risk.