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有机化学中,同系物结构类似,C、H数目按一定的公差变化,这与数学中的等差数列相似．用数列知识分析有机同系物,对数学与化学的理解是互利的．对于等差数列有an=a1+(n-1)d,其中 an为通项,a1为首项,d是公差．类似的,有机同系物可分为母体和主体,通式对应通项,母体对应首项,主体对应(n-1)d．分析的步骤是:
In organic chemistry, homologous structures are similar, and the number of C and H varies according to a certain tolerance, which is similar to the arithmetic series in mathematics. The use of mathematical knowledge to analyze organic homologues is of mutual benefit to mathematics and chemistry. For an arithmetic progression, there is an=a1+(n-1)d, where an is a general term, a1 is the first term, and d is a tolerance. Similarly, organic homologues can be divided into parent and subject, generics correspond to general terms, and maternals correspond to the first term, subject to (n-1)d. The steps of analysis are: