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应用Ｇ显带方法对３０例医用Ｘ线工作人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变进行了分析。观察组染色体畸变（ＣＡ）总阳性检出率、稳定性染色体畸变（Ｃｓ）阳性检出率均显著地高于对照（Ｐ＜０．０ｌ，Ｐ＜０．０５），非稳定染色体畸变（Ｃｕ）阳性检出率亦高于对照，无统计学差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；ＣＡ率、Ｃｓ率观察组显著高于对照（Ｐ＜０．０５），而Ｃｕ率仅略高于对照；Ｃｓ率有随放射工龄增加而增加的趋势，Ｃｕ率则略有下降。结果表明：Ｇ显带方法可提高ＣＡ的阳性检出率，ＣＡ检出率；医用Ｘ线工作者ＣＡ主要贡献者来自Ｃｓ。并对Ｃｓ分析作为生物剂量计估算Ｘ线工作者受照剂量的可行性进行了讨论。
Chromosome aberrations of peripheral blood lymphocytes in 30 cases of medical X-ray workers were analyzed by G-banding method. In the observation group, the positive rate of chromosomal aberration (CA) and the positive rate of stable chromosomal aberration (Cs) were significantly higher than those of the control (P <0.01, P <0.05) (P> 0.05). The CA rate and Cs rate in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05), while the Cu rate was only slightly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05) The rate of Cs increased with the increase of radioactive age, while the rate of Cu decreased slightly. The results showed that: G-banding method can improve the positive detection rate of CA, CA detection rate; medical X-ray workers CA main contributor from Cs. The feasibility of using Cs analysis as a biological dosimeter to estimate the dose of X-ray workers was discussed.