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甲型肝炎粪便中甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)的排泄始于发病前2周,病程头2周时迅速减少,第3周时仅偶可检出,第4周不再能检出。尚未证实有HAV的慢性带毒者。病毒血症期短暂,也不知是否能经输血传播。甲型肝炎一般不重,但有时呈爆发型。病程可为数周或数月,但不会发展成慢性持续性或慢性活动性肝炎。即便是病程长的患者,其病毒排出期或病毒血症期也不延长。对甲型肝炎患者不需专门的隔离措施,只要有适当的卫生条件,其中大多数最好在家庭中治疗。甲型肝炎的实验室诊断方法是证实粪便中的甲型肝炎病毒抗原(HAAg)或测定血清中抗-HAV抗体。粪便中存在HAAg表明急性甲型肝炎正在进展,但是不存在HAAg
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) excretion in hepatitis A excretion began 2 weeks before the onset, the first 2 weeks of the course of the rapid decline in the third week only occasionally detected, the first 4 weeks can no longer be detected. Chronic carriers of HAV have not been confirmed. Viremia transient, I do not know whether it can be transmitted by blood transfusion. Hepatitis A is generally not heavy, but sometimes explosive. Duration may be weeks or months, but does not develop into chronic persistent or chronic active hepatitis. Even in patients with longer duration, the virus excretion or viremia is not prolonged. Hepatitis A patients do not need special isolation measures, and most of them are best treated in the home with proper hygiene. The laboratory diagnosis of hepatitis A is to confirm the presence of hepatitis A virus antigen (HAAg) in the stool or to measure anti-HAV antibodies in the serum. The presence of HAAg in the stool indicates that acute hepatitis A is progressing, but HAAg is absent