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一、绪言塑性加工法虽然有很高的生产率,但制品精度不如切削、磨削等加工方法,在较多情况下,借助这些后续精加工方法使制件达到要求的精度。在锻造加工中,由热锻到冷成形的发展,对制品强度的增加有很大的作用,但在提高精度、谋求削减精加工余量方面,还没有达到仅用锻造法代替精加工得到最终制品、使制品精度符各要求的地步。这是因为冷加工时的加工力特别高,在工具强度允许的范围内要达到所希望的高精度是不可能的。由此可知,为了
I. INTRODUCTION Although the plastic processing method has a high productivity, the accuracy of the product is inferior to that of the cutting, grinding and other processing methods. In many cases, the subsequent precision machining methods are used to achieve the required precision. In the forging process, the development from hot forging to cold forming has a great effect on the increase of product strength. However, it has not reached the final result of improving the precision and reducing the finishing allowance by using only forging instead of finishing Products, so that the accuracy of the product symbol of the requirements of the point. This is because the working force during cold working is extremely high, and it is impossible to achieve the desired high accuracy within the range of the strength of the tool. This shows that, in order to