【摘 要】
：
通过尼罗罗非鱼(♀)和大眼鳜(♂)作为亲本杂交,成功获得了外形与母本很相似的正常发育后代.观察杂交后代胚胎发育情况,发现杂种胚胎的发育过程与母本尼罗罗非鱼基本一致,
【机 构】
：
淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,西南大学生命科学学院,重庆400715
【出 处】
：
2012年全国博生研究生学术论坛——可持续的水产养殖：理论与实践
论文部分内容阅读
通过尼罗罗非鱼(♀)和大眼鳜(♂)作为亲本杂交,成功获得了外形与母本很相似的正常发育后代.观察杂交后代胚胎发育情况,发现杂种胚胎的发育过程与母本尼罗罗非鱼基本一致,杂交受精率和孵化率较高,分别为84％和77.8％,但仔鱼存活率极低,大量个体在出膜后2-3天出现围心腔扩大、心脏缺血、心搏减慢和脊椎弯曲等现象,并开始大量死亡,仅有极少个体能顺利发育到稚鱼阶段；收集死亡的胚胎提取基因组,采用RAPD技术比较它们与父母本的关系,子代和父本特异的条带仅占1.5％.同时通过形态、核型、基因组比较分析和DNA含量测定研究正常发育的杂交F1代与亲本的遗传关系.结果表明：(1)通过形体可数和可量性状的方差分析和系统聚类分析,杂交F1代与母本基本一致.(2)用RAPD技术研究尼罗罗非鱼、大眼鳜及其杂交F1代的遗传关系,母本群体与杂交F1代遗传相似度为0.898,而父本与杂交F1代的遗传相似度只有0.260,杂交F1代没有父本特有扩增条带.(3)通过核型分析,尼罗罗非鱼的2n=44,而大眼鳜的染色体2n=48,大眼鳜没有尼罗罗非鱼2条很长的特征染色体.(4)亲代与杂交F1代的DNA的流式细胞分析结果显示,杂交F1代与母本尼罗罗非鱼DNA含量无显著差异(p＞0.05),与父本大眼鳜差异显著(p＜0.05).结论：本实验所获得的正常发育的杂交后代为异精诱导的雌核发育.
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