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采集尼罗罗非鱼♀×萨罗罗非鱼♂杂交中人工挤压亲鱼腹部获得的卵子、精子。用光学显微镜和解剖镜对卵子形态进行观察、拍照,比较分析不同成熟阶段卵子形状、卵径、表面色泽及卵黄颗粒积累特征,结果表明,未成熟卵细胞呈椭圆形,表层布满细长血管;成熟卵细胞呈梨形,卵径0.5~1.6 mm,外层有透明卵膜,充满金黄色卵黄颗粒;过成熟卵细胞形状极不规则,卵黄颗粒开始液化。用扫描电镜对精子外形特征进行观察,发现正常精子由头部、中片及尾部组成,头部呈长锥状,长径1.82(±0.35)μm,宽径1.41(±0.34)μm;中片近圆柱形、较短,长径0.74(±0.08)μm,宽径0.16(±0.06)μm;尾部极长,为16.42(±0.35)μm,单鞭毛结构;同时,还观察到短尾、双头、双尾3种异常类型。研究结果可为罗非鱼人工杂交技术改进提供一定基础依据。
Collect nile tilapia × tilapia ♂ hybrid ♂ artificial extrusion of the broodstock to obtain eggs, sperm. Ovum morphology was observed with optical microscopy and dissecting microscope, and photos were taken. The ovum shape, egg diameter, surface color and the accumulation of yolk granules in different stages of maturation were compared. The results showed that the immature egg cells were oval and the surface covered with slender blood vessels. Mature egg cells are pear-shaped, egg diameter 0.5 ~ 1.6 mm, the outer transparent egg membrane, full of golden yellow yolk particles; oocyte over-mature shape, egg yolk particles began to liquefaction. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the shape of the sperm. The normal spermatozoa were composed of the head, middle and tail, and the head was long taper with a long diameter of 1.82 (± 0.35) μm and a width of 1.41 (± 0.34) μm. Nearly cylindrical, short, long axis 0.74 (± 0.08) μm, width 0.16 (± 0.06) μm; tail very long, 16.42 (± 0.35) μm, single flagellum structure; Head, two-tailed three kinds of abnormal types. The results can provide some basis for the improvement of tilapia artificial hybridization technology.