目的:探讨血管周细胞瘤的临床病理学特点及诊断要点。方法:对1例血管周细胞瘤进行临床资料、病理形态学及免疫组化观察,并结合文献对其诊断及鉴别诊断进行探讨。结果:本例镜下观肿瘤细胞为梭形,血管丰富,形成弥漫的网状结构,鹿角状的血管将肿瘤细胞分割小叶状,瘤细胞体积较大,胞浆丰富,边界不清,核呈圆形、卵圆形,病理性核分裂相多。免疫组化染色结果显示肿瘤细胞Vimentin(+)、CD34(+)、FVIII(+)、S-100(-)、CEA(-)和GFAP(-)。结论:血管周细胞瘤,非常少见,因此缺乏对其认识,从而易与其他肿瘤混淆导致误诊。提高对血管周细胞瘤的认识,对避免误诊是至关重要的。 Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and diagnosis of pericyte tumor. Methods: One case of peritumoral neoplasm was studied by clinical data, pathomorphology and immunohistochemistry. Combined with the literature, the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of peritumoral neoplasms were discussed. Results: In this case, the tumor cells were fusiform with abundant blood vessels and formed a diffuse reticular structure. The antler-shaped blood vessels divided the lobular tumor cells, the tumor cells were bulky, the cytoplasm was abundant, the boundary was unclear, and the nuclear was Round, oval, pathological mitotic phase and more. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the tumor cells were Vimentin (+), CD34 (+), FVIII (+), S-100 (-), CEA (-) and GFAP (-). CONCLUSIONS: Perivascular neoplasms, which are rare and therefore lacking knowledge of them, are easily misdiagnosed as other tumors. Increasing awareness of perivascular neoplasia is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis.