实践证明,单讲卫生宏观公平性,不注重局部效率,公平性水平较低,后劲不足,可能影响甚至难以保障宏观公平性的有效获得。如英国国家卫生体系公平性很高,但是因为微观效率不高而备受诟病,手术病人往往需要等待数月甚至数年才可以进行手术。只注重卫生局部效率,不讲宏观公平性,是造成医疗服务的公平性下降,公益性淡化,群众负担加大的一个重要原因。因此,清醒地分析卫生领域的特殊性,妥善处理公平与效率的关系,确立正确的卫生改革与发展的公平效率观,在改革中至关重要。宏观的公平效率观——公平优先原则“注重公平”是卫生改革与发展的基本价值取向和伦理原则,即“公平优先原则”。政府要通过政策制定和制度设计予以实现: Practice has proved that one-on-one health macroeconomic fairness, do not pay attention to local efficiency, low level of fairness, lack of stamina, may affect or even difficult to ensure the effective acquisition of macroeconomic equity. For example, the national health system in the United Kingdom is very fair, but it is criticized for its low microscopic efficiency. It often takes months or even years for surgical patients to undergo surgery. Only focusing on the efficiency of local health, not to mention the macroeconomic fairness is caused by the decline in the fairness of medical services, public welfare desalination, the burden on the masses an important reason. Therefore, a clear analysis of the particularity of the health sector, properly handle the relationship between fairness and efficiency, and establish the correct concept of fairness and efficiency in health reform and development are crucial to the reform. The concept of fairness and efficiency in the macroeconomics - the principle of fairness and prioritization, and “fairness-oriented” are the basic values ​​and ethical principles of health reform and development, that is, “the principle of fairness and priority”. The government wants to realize through policy making and system design: