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聚膦腈是一类主链由磷氮原子交替组成,每个磷原子带有两个有机官能团侧基的有机-无机杂化高分子,其化学结构强大的可设计性赋予了材料丰富的理化性能。作为生物学用途的聚膦腈材料,生物相容性、生物可降解性和功能化改性是实现其应用的关键因素。本文从数种功能化聚膦腈(如光致荧光、导电、聚膦腈-聚酯共聚物)的制备、聚膦腈的降解机理和降解行为调控,以及生物可降解聚膦腈作为组织工程支架材料、药物载体材料和基因转染材料等几个方面,较为全面地综述了聚膦腈生物医用高分子的研究进展。
Polyphosphazenes are organic-inorganic hybrid polymers whose main chains are alternately composed of phosphorus and nitrogen atoms and have two pendant organic functional groups per phosphorous atom. Its strong chemical structure design gives material rich physicochemical performance. As biopolymer polyphosphazene materials, biocompatibility, biodegradability and functional modification are the key factors for their application. In this paper, several functionalized polyphosphazenes (such as photoluminescence, conductive, polyphosphazene-polyester copolymer) preparation, polyphosphazene degradation mechanism and degradation behavior regulation, and biodegradable polyphosphazene as a tissue engineering Scaffold materials, drug carrier materials and gene transfection materials, and other aspects, a more comprehensive review of polyphosphazene biomedical polymer research progress.