路基应力、应变状态是设计新型轨道结构及选择现有铁路路基病害处理方案的重要依据之一。了解路基应力、应变状态的方法可分为两类:一是实测,二是计算。实测值虽然可靠,但由于受人力、物力及现有测试技术的限制,不能广泛应用,故提出了一些计算方法。在实际应用中,实测与计算是相互结合的。 Subgrade stress and strain status are one of the important bases for designing new track structure and selecting existing railway subgrade disease treatment programs. Understanding of subgrade stress, strain state methods can be divided into two categories: one is measured, the second is calculated. Although the measured value is reliable, due to the limitation of manpower, material resources and existing testing technologies, it can not be widely used, so some calculation methods are proposed. In practice, the actual measurement and calculation are combined with each other.