苏联的石墨慢化沸腾轻水冷却大功率动力堆有许多优点。据报道,苏联目前正在建造和今后将要建造石墨沸水堆和压水堆两种堆型核电站。他们发展核电的技术路线是在建造电功率为100万千瓦压水堆核电站的同时,优先发展大功率石墨沸水堆(单堆电功率分别为100、150、200、240万千瓦)核电站。本文对苏联 РБМК 型石墨沸水堆核电站的发展概况作简要介绍。 The Soviet Union’s graphite moderated boiling light water cooling high-power power reactor has many advantages. It is reported that the Soviet Union is currently building and will build two types of nuclear reactor, graphite boiling water reactor and pressurized water reactor. Their technical route for developing nuclear power is to prioritize the development of high-power graphite boiling water reactors (100,150,200,240 MW) nuclear power stations with the construction of 1 MW PWR nuclear power stations. This article gives a brief introduction of the development of the Russian БРМК type graphite boiling water reactor nuclear power plant.