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基于多体动力学研究的理论和方法,利用MATLAB和ADAMS软件分别建立JS-754拖拉机振动的数学模型和机械模型,进行随机振动和脉冲输入的平顺性仿真分析。数学模型包括利用拉格朗日第二方程建立拖拉机3自由度振动模型,从轮胎动态特性出发,建立拖拉机整车—轮胎耦合系统;机械模型借助虚拟样机技术对JS-754拖拉机整车实体建模,并定义整车各个部件约束关系。仿真结果表明,JS-754拖拉机在D级路面下座椅处垂向加速度均方根值为0.390 9 m/s2,脉冲激励输入下座椅处垂向加速度最大响应小于34.59 m/s2。仿真得到轮胎特性随车行驶时变化曲线,座椅处振动频率的范围集中在3-5 Hz。研究表明,JS-754拖拉机平顺性较好,提出的拖拉机振动建模方法具有较强的参考价值,可为拖拉机以及其他非道路车辆平顺性的研究提供理论依据和建模思路。
Based on the theories and methods of multi-body dynamics research, mathematical models and mechanical models of JS-754 tractor vibration are established respectively by MATLAB and ADAMS software, and the randomness and pulse input simulation are analyzed. The mathematical model includes the establishment of a three-degree-of-freedom vibration model of the tractor by Lagrange’s second equation, and the establishment of a tractor vehicle-tire coupling system based on the dynamic characteristics of the tire. The mechanical model models the JS-754 tractor entity by means of virtual prototype technology , And define the constraints of the various components of the vehicle. The simulation results show that the mean square root of the vertical acceleration of the JS-754 tractor is 0.390 9 m / s2 under the Class D road surface, and the maximum vertical acceleration of the seat under the pulse excitation input is less than 34.59 m / s2. Simulation results show that the tire characteristics vary with vehicle driving. The vibration frequency range of the seat is concentrated at 3-5 Hz. The research shows that JS-754 tractor has good ride comfort, and the proposed method of tractor vibration modeling has strong reference value, which can provide theoretical basis and modeling ideas for the research of ride comfort of tractors and other non-road vehicles.