河床形成时的水文和水力现象一般是非常复杂的,特别是在兴建河道水工建筑物的地方,也正因为这个原故,它在理论上研究得很不够。因此,在目前的实践中,无论一个多么大小的河道水工建筑物——坝、巨型引水枢纽、桥渡等等——如果没有对建筑物本身以及与其相连的河段进行专门的模型试验研究,那就既不能设计,也不能决定其修建。大型建筑物的设计和必需的室内的实验研究相结合的多年经验表明,试验室的研究能使问题得到更合理解决,而花费在理论研究和实验研究上的资金也是完全合算的,这并为这些建筑物的运用管理所证实。但是,尽管如此,到目前为止所采用的可冲河床及其上建筑物的试验研究方法还存在着严重的缺 Hydrological and hydraulic phenomena during the formation of a riverbed are generally very complicated. Especially in the place where watercourse hydraulic structures are built, it is precisely because of this that it has not been studied theoretically enough. Therefore, in current practice, no matter how big a river hydraulic structure - a dam, a mega water diversion hub, a bridge crossing, etc. - if no specific model test is conducted on the building itself and the river connecting it , It can neither design nor decide on its construction. The combination of years of experience with the design of large buildings and the necessary indoor laboratory studies shows that laboratory research can make the problem more plausible and that the capital spent on theoretical research and experimental research is also cost-effective The management of the use of these buildings confirmed. However, in spite of this, there is still a serious shortage of experimental research methods for the Chong River and its superstructure adopted so far