随着国家科技体制改革的逐步深入，绝大多数科研院所的转制工作已经提到了议事日程。转制是简单地换块牌子，还是按照现代企业制度的要求在转制中建立一套新体制和机制？为了回答这个问题，本文暂且将转制后的院所称之为“新国企”，就转制应正确处理的八个关系做些探讨，以供 With the gradual deepening of the reform of the national science and technology system, most of the research institutes have already referred to the agenda for the restructuring work. Conversion is simply a block change, or in accordance with the requirements of the modern enterprise system in the conversion system to establish a new system and mechanism? In order to answer this question, this article tentatively refers to the transformed institutes as “new state-owned enterprises”, and discusses the eight relations that should be properly handled in order to provide