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情态动词是历年高考考查的重点，也是考生掌握起来有一定难度的语法项目之一。高考对情态动词的考查侧重之一是情态动词表推测的用法。对于can/could用于否定句和疑问句中表示推测；may/might用于表示不太肯定的推测；must表示肯定的推测，我们已相对熟悉，而对于can用于陈述句表示“可能”，should表示“推理、推测性的可能”却比较生疏，往往与may / might表示“可能”混淆起来，所以要特别注意。
can表示可能性或必然性，意思是“有时会、时而可能”。它不是一种完全主观的推测，而是说明有的情况在有的时候的确会发生。
【典例】It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _____ be rather cold sometimes. (2008福建)
A. mustB. canC. shouldD. would
【答案与解析】B。在三月，我的家乡一般来说都比较暖和，但是有的时候也相当冷。Can表示可能性，“有时会”。
【典例】The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because
itbe very slow. (2005 浙江)
A. should B. mustC. will D. can
【答案与解析】D。“the World Wide Web”有时被戏称为“the World Wide Wait”，因为它有时候非常慢。can在这里表示可能性，“有时会”。
【典例】—Mary bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, making her a millionaire overnight.
—Such things can and do happen.
A. may B. must C. canD. should
【答案与解析】C。句子的意思是“玛丽无意中买了一张彩票，使她一夜之间成了百万富翁。这样的事情可能而且确实会发生。”can在这里表示一种可能性。
may或might表示“可能、或许”。一般表示一种主观推测，往往含有“not sure (不太肯定)”的含义。其中might不表示过去时，而是表示可能性更小。
【典例】Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. (2005安徽)
A. shallB. must C. mayD. can
【答案与解析】C。根据but she isn’t quite sure yet判断，上文语气不是很肯定，所以用may（或许、可能）。
【典例】You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ______ not like the design of the furniture. (上海2005春)
A. mustB. shall C. mayD. need
【答案与解析】C。由上文的might as well表示“还是……的好；不妨……”，由此推断下文语气不是很肯定，所以用may。
should表示预期、推理、推测的可能性。意思是“理应、应该”，是按照一种常理进行的推测，说明某个情况是合理的，符合逻辑的。
【典例】—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
—Itbe, but it is now heavily polluted.(2007全国卷1)
A. will B. would C. should D. must
【答案与解析】C。根据说话者的语气，North Lake本来应该是很美丽的，但是现在已经被严重污染了。should表示根据客观情况所做的推断，意为“应该是、理应是”。
【典例】There ____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. (2005年上海)
A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
【答案与解析】C。shouldn’t表示根据实际情况所做的推测，因为后面提到“你”已经练习很多了，因此推测通过考试“不应该、理应不会”有什么困难。
【典例】—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
—Theybe ready by 12. (NMET 1998)
A. canB. should C. might D. need
【答案与解析】B。这是发生在一家照相馆的对话。顾客问照片什么时候能好，那么照相馆的工作人员根据客观情况（如正常冲洗需要多长时间）作出推断“应该在12点之前能好。”
巩固练习：
1. The public transportation is very convenient in that big city, so there be any difficulty in
traveling around.
A. mustn’tB. wouldn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t
2. Some aspects of a pilot’s job ____ be boring, and pilots often _____ work at inconvenient hours. (2006湖南)
A. can; have to B .may; can C. have to; mayD. ought to; must
3.—I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
—It ______ Harry’s. He always wears green. (2005广东)
A. has to beB. will be C. mustn’t beD. could be
4. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. (2004浙江)
A. shouldB. mightC. wouldD. could
5.—Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
—Sorry, I am not sure. But it be. (2004湖北)
A. might B. will C. mustD. can
6. Although this ______ sound like a simple task, great care is needed. (2008 四川)
A must B mayC shallD should
7.—Is John coming by train?
—He should, but he _______ not .He likes driving his car. (NMET2002)
A. mustB. can C. needD. may
答案：1—5 CADBA 6—7 BD
can表示可能性或必然性，意思是“有时会、时而可能”。它不是一种完全主观的推测，而是说明有的情况在有的时候的确会发生。
【典例】It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _____ be rather cold sometimes. (2008福建)
A. mustB. canC. shouldD. would
【答案与解析】B。在三月，我的家乡一般来说都比较暖和，但是有的时候也相当冷。Can表示可能性，“有时会”。
【典例】The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because
itbe very slow. (2005 浙江)
A. should B. mustC. will D. can
【答案与解析】D。“the World Wide Web”有时被戏称为“the World Wide Wait”，因为它有时候非常慢。can在这里表示可能性，“有时会”。
【典例】—Mary bought a lottery ticket purposelessly, making her a millionaire overnight.
—Such things can and do happen.
A. may B. must C. canD. should
【答案与解析】C。句子的意思是“玛丽无意中买了一张彩票，使她一夜之间成了百万富翁。这样的事情可能而且确实会发生。”can在这里表示一种可能性。
may或might表示“可能、或许”。一般表示一种主观推测，往往含有“not sure (不太肯定)”的含义。其中might不表示过去时，而是表示可能性更小。
【典例】Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. (2005安徽)
A. shallB. must C. mayD. can
【答案与解析】C。根据but she isn’t quite sure yet判断，上文语气不是很肯定，所以用may（或许、可能）。
【典例】You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ______ not like the design of the furniture. (上海2005春)
A. mustB. shall C. mayD. need
【答案与解析】C。由上文的might as well表示“还是……的好；不妨……”，由此推断下文语气不是很肯定，所以用may。
should表示预期、推理、推测的可能性。意思是“理应、应该”，是按照一种常理进行的推测，说明某个情况是合理的，符合逻辑的。
【典例】—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
—Itbe, but it is now heavily polluted.(2007全国卷1)
A. will B. would C. should D. must
【答案与解析】C。根据说话者的语气，North Lake本来应该是很美丽的，但是现在已经被严重污染了。should表示根据客观情况所做的推断，意为“应该是、理应是”。
【典例】There ____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. (2005年上海)
A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
【答案与解析】C。shouldn’t表示根据实际情况所做的推测，因为后面提到“你”已经练习很多了，因此推测通过考试“不应该、理应不会”有什么困难。
【典例】—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
—Theybe ready by 12. (NMET 1998)
A. canB. should C. might D. need
【答案与解析】B。这是发生在一家照相馆的对话。顾客问照片什么时候能好，那么照相馆的工作人员根据客观情况（如正常冲洗需要多长时间）作出推断“应该在12点之前能好。”
巩固练习：
1. The public transportation is very convenient in that big city, so there be any difficulty in
traveling around.
A. mustn’tB. wouldn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t
2. Some aspects of a pilot’s job ____ be boring, and pilots often _____ work at inconvenient hours. (2006湖南)
A. can; have to B .may; can C. have to; mayD. ought to; must
3.—I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
—It ______ Harry’s. He always wears green. (2005广东)
A. has to beB. will be C. mustn’t beD. could be
4. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. (2004浙江)
A. shouldB. mightC. wouldD. could
5.—Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
—Sorry, I am not sure. But it be. (2004湖北)
A. might B. will C. mustD. can
6. Although this ______ sound like a simple task, great care is needed. (2008 四川)
A must B mayC shallD should
7.—Is John coming by train?
—He should, but he _______ not .He likes driving his car. (NMET2002)
A. mustB. can C. needD. may
答案：1—5 CADBA 6—7 BD