比较法是把各种事物加以对比,以确定它们之间的相同点和不同点的一种思维方法。比较的方式是多样的,比较的内容也是多方面的。本文仅谈谈自己在教学中尝试的几种比较方法。 (一)纵向比较。当原有知识能促进新知识的理解,起到正迁移作用的时候,要及时进行比较,这样,学生就能主动地利用旧知识去掌握新知识。例如,第九册教材中采用纵向比较推理的方法来讲解“一个数乘以分数的意义”。这是整数乘法意义在新 Comparative law is a way of thinking that compares things to determine similarities and differences between them. The way of comparison is varied, and the content of comparison is also multifaceted. This article only talks about several ways we compare ourselves to teaching. (A) longitudinal comparison. When the original knowledge can promote the understanding of new knowledge and play a positive role in migration, we should make timely comparison so that students can take the initiative to use the old knowledge to acquire new knowledge. For example, the ninth volume textbook uses longitudinal comparison reasoning to explain “a number multiplied by the meaning of the score.” This is the meaning of integer multiplication in the new