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目的探讨小鼠精子形成过程中顶体发生的形态学变化特点,为深入研究顶体对男性生殖功能的影响提供理论基础。方法应用PAS染色法,在光学显微镜下区分小鼠睾丸生精上皮周期中不同时相的生精上皮,观察精子细胞顶体在不同时相的形态学变化特点。结果精子细胞顶体含有多糖类物质,经PAS染色后呈紫红色。小鼠精子发生的最后1个半周期为精子形成过程,也是顶体的发生过程。在圆形精子细胞期,顶体变化由圆形、椭圆形至左右对称的帽形,角度逐渐增大;在变形精子细胞早期,顶体由左右对称的帽形演变成位于头背部的镰形;在变形精子细胞晚期,顶体位于头背部。结论上述对小鼠精子顶体发生过程中形态学变化特点的观察为进一步研究顶体发生机制及临床评价男性生育力奠定了基础。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the morphological changes of acrosome during the process of mouse spermatogenesis and to provide a theoretical basis for further study on the influence of acrosome on male reproductive function. Methods The PAS staining method was used to distinguish the different stages of the seminiferous epithelium in the spermatogenic epithelium of mouse testes under light microscope. Morphological changes of spermatid at different phases were observed. Results The sperm cells contained polysaccharides, which were purple after PAS staining. The last one and a half cycles of mouse spermatogenesis are the process of spermatogenesis and also the process of acrosome formation. In the period of round spermatids, the acrosome changes from round, oval to symmetrical hat and gradually increases in angle. In the early stages of degenerative sperm cells, the acrosome changes from left to right symmetrical hat to sickle In the late stage of degenerative sperm cells, the acrosome is located on the back of the head. Conclusion The above observations on the morphological changes of sperm acrosome in mice laid the foundation for further study of the mechanism of acrosome and clinical evaluation of male fertility.