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目的:探讨DNA损伤和修复抑制在银杏叶片对燃煤污染型砷中毒患者肝损伤影响中的作用。方法:2017年3月在贵州省兴仁县雨樟镇交乐村砷中毒病区，按照《地方性砷中毒诊断》（WS/T 211-2015）标准和《职业性中毒性肝病诊断标准》（GBZ 59-2010），筛选出52例砷中毒患者作为银杏叶片干预组，49例砷中毒患者作为干预对照组。银杏叶片按照临床常用方法给药，口服3个月（1片/次，3次/d），所有对象干预期间未给予其他药物，干预对照组给予安慰剂，方法同银杏叶片干预组。选择12 km以外非燃用高砷煤、临床检测无肝功能异常的41例居民作为正常对照组。干预前和3个月干预结束时进行体检。在获得本人知情同意并签署知情同意书的情况下，收集晨尿及外周静脉血，分别采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）检测尿砷含量，全自动生化分析仪检测肝功能生化指标[白蛋白（ALB）、白蛋白/球蛋白比值（A/G）、胆碱酯酶（CHE）、总胆汁酸（TBA）]，单细胞凝胶电泳实验检测DNA损伤情况，荧光定量PCR法检测miR-145（修复抑制指标）的表达。结果:共纳入研究对象116人，正常对照组41人、银杏叶片干预组39人、干预对照组36人，银杏叶片干预组和干预对照组在年龄、性别比例、吸烟习惯及饮酒方面与正常对照组比较差异均无统计学意义（n P均> 0.05）。干预前银杏叶片干预组尿砷含量、TBA水平、DNA损伤程度[彗星尾DNA百分含量（TailDNA%）和彗星尾矩（OTM）]、血浆miR-145表达水平[（38.75 ± 19.09）μg/g Cr、（11.13 ± 1.55）μmol/L、8.50 ± 0.88、7.43 ± 0.68、5.78 ± 0.75]均高于正常对照组[（11.62 ± 5.33）μg/g Cr、（5.36 ± 0.87）μmol/L、5.24 ± 0.33、4.71 ± 0.29、2.05 ± 0.27]，差异均有统计学意义（n P均< 0.05）；ALB、A/G和CHE水平均低于正常对照组，差异均有统计学意义（n P均< 0.05）。干预后，银杏叶片干预组尿砷含量、TBA水平、DNA损伤程度（TailDNA%和OTM）、血浆miR-145表达水平均低于干预前，差异均有统计学意义（n P均< 0.05）；ALB、A/G和CHE水平均高于干预前，差异均有统计学意义（n P均 0.05）。相关性分析结果显示，干预后银杏叶片干预组DNA损伤程度（TailDNA%和OTM）与ALB、A/G、CHE水平均呈负相关（n r = - 0.34、- 0.33、- 0.48，- 0.31、- 0.31、- 0.42，n P均< 0.05），与TBA水平呈正相关（n r = 0.49、0.48，n P均< 0.05）；miR-145与ALB、A/G、CHE水平均呈负相关（n r = - 0.26、- 0.23、- 0.38，n P均< 0.05），与TBA水平呈正相关（n r = 0.32，n P < 0.05）；DNA损伤程度与miR-145表达均呈正相关（ n r = 0.65、0.52，n P均 0.05). Urinary arsenic content, TBA level, DNA damage degree [comet tail DNA percentage (TailDNA%) and olive tail moment (OTM)] and plasma miR-145 expression level [(38.75 ± 19.09) μg/g Cr, (11.13 ± 1.55) μmol/L, 8.50 ± 0.88, 7.43 ± 0.68, 5.78 ± 0.75, respectively] in ginkgo biloba intervention group patients before intervention were higher than those in normal control group [(11.62 ± 5.33) μg/g Cr, (5.36 ± 0.87) μmol/L, 5.24 ± 0.33, 4.71 ± 0.29, 2.05 ± 0.27, respectively], the differences were statistically significant ( n P < 0.05); the levels of ALB, A/G and CHE were significantly lower than those in normal control group ( n P < 0.05). After the intervention of ginkgo biloba, urinary arsenic content, TBA level, DNA damage degree (TailDNA% and OTM) and plasma miR-145 expression level in patients were significantly lower than those before the intervention ( n P < 0.05); the levels of ALB, A/G and CHE were significantly higher than those before the intervention ( n P 0.05). The results of correlation analysis between DNA damage degree, miR-145 and liver function indexes after the intervention of ginkgo biloba showed that, DNA damage degree (TailDNA% and OTM) was negatively correlated with the levels of ALB, A/G and CHE ( n r = - 0.34, - 0.33, - 0.48, - 0.31, - 0.31, - 0.42, n P < 0.05), and positively correlated with the level of TBA ( n r = 0.49, 0.48, n P < 0.05); miR-145 was negatively correlated with the levels of ALB, A/G and CHE ( n r = - 0.26, - 0.23, - 0.38, n P < 0.05), which was positively correlated with the level of TBA ( n r = 0.32, n P < 0.05); and DNA damage degree was positively correlated with the expression of miR-145 ( n r = 0.65, 0.52, n P < 0.05).n Conclusion:Ginkgo biloba tablets can alleviate the liver damage caused by arsenic through coal burning, and the mechanism of this process is related to its inhibition of miR-145 expression and reduction of DNA damage.