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在人们的传统思维和观念中,国有企业似乎是社会主义国家的特有物,在西方资本主义国家中是没有国有企业的。其实,国有企业在发达资本主义国家也都不同程度地存在着,并且构成其市场经济体制中一道独特的风景线。在这些国家中,国有企业并不是主流,而是经济舞台上的小角色。从总体上看,发达市场经济国家中的国有企业的效率和活力远远低于私有企业,并成为国家财政的包袱。其实,在这些国家
In the traditional thinking and notion of the people, state-owned enterprises seem to be peculiar to the socialist countries and are not owned by state-owned enterprises in the western capitalist countries. In fact, state-owned enterprises also exist to varying degrees in developed capitalist countries and constitute a unique landscape in their market economy. Among these countries, state-owned enterprises are not the mainstream, but a small part of the economic arena. In general, the efficiency and vitality of state-owned enterprises in developed market-economy countries are much lower than those of private-owned enterprises and become the burden of state finance. In fact, in these countries