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目的探讨室内环境烟草烟雾对青少年呼吸系统健康的影响。方法在2014年9—12月采用整群抽样的方法在白城市3个高中随机抽取240名学生作为研究对象,并发放调查问卷,计数资料采用χ2检验,等级资料比较采用秩和检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果青少年家庭中有61.9%的家庭吸烟。青少年吸烟家庭呼吸系统症状中的咳痰、气喘及咽痛的比例分别为38.3%、14.9%、82.4%,不吸烟家庭的比例分别为33.7%、10.9%、86.9,吸烟家庭的比例高于不吸烟家庭,但对比差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),两组家庭青少年咳嗽(89.7%、80.8%)对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);吸烟家庭呼吸系统疾病中急性上呼吸道感染、肺炎、哮喘、扁桃体炎及咽炎的比例分别为57.4%、29.5%、14.2%、53.9%、10.1%,不吸烟家庭的比例分别为62.0%、27.1%、9.5%、52.1%、8.7%,吸烟家庭的比例高于不吸烟家庭,但对比差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论家庭成员吸烟对青少年呼吸系统健康存在影响,应通过宣传、健康教育等方式降低家庭成员吸烟率。
Objective To explore the effect of indoor environment tobacco smoke on respiratory system health of adolescents. METHODS: A total of 240 students from 3 high schools in Baicheng City were randomly selected from a total of 240 students in the city of Baicheng from September to December in 2014. The questionnaires were distributed. The chi-square test was used for the count data, rank sum test (P < 0.05 for the difference was statistically significant. As a result, 61.9% of families in adolescent families smoke. The proportion of sputum, asthma and sore throat in the respiratory tract of smokers with smoking among adolescents was 38.3%, 14.9% and 82.4% respectively, the proportion of non-smokers was 33.7%, 10.9% and 86.9 respectively, and the proportion of smokers was higher than that of non-smokers (P <0.05). There was significant difference in cough between two groups of family children (89.7%, 80.8%) (P <0.05); smoking in family respiratory system was acute The proportions of respiratory infections, pneumonia, asthma, tonsillitis and pharyngitis were 57.4%, 29.5%, 14.2%, 53.9% and 10.1%, respectively, and the percentage of non-smoking families was 62.0%, 27.1%, 9.5%, 52.1% and 8.7% %, Smoking households than non-smoking families, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion Smoking among family members has an impact on the respiratory health of adolescents. Smoking rates among family members should be reduced through publicity and health education.