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为了研究由水生植物与人工介质构建的组合生态浮床对养殖水体的净化效果,通过在大薸(Pistia stratiotes)底部放置生物陶粒基质构建了组合生态浮床,研究了该组合浮床对养殖水体的净化效果。数据表明,组合生态浮床对总氮、氨氮(NH+4-N)、亚硝氮(NO-2-N)、总磷、化学需氧量(COD)去除率分别达到52.38%、77.78%、81.97%、67.57%和43.98%,均显著高于植物对照组和基质对照组(P<0.05)。经组合浮床净化后的养殖水体中,TN、TP水平分别达到淡水池塘养殖排放水一级标准,NH+4-N水平降至0.15 mg/L以下,NO-2-N水平降至0.02 mg/L以下。结果表明,组合生态浮床中植物吸收、基质吸附及微生物的协同作用提高了其对污染物的去除效果,合理的生物组合对提高生态浮床净化养殖废水效果具有积极的促进作用。研究结果为构建适宜养殖水体净化的组合型生态浮床提供了技术支撑。
In order to study the purification of aquaculture water by the combined ecological floating bed constructed by aquatic plants and artificial media, a combined ecological floating bed was constructed by placing bio-ceramsite substrate at the bottom of Pistia stratiotes, and the purification of aquaculture water by the combined floating bed was studied effect. The data shows that the removal rates of total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen (NH 4 + -N), nitrite (NO 2-N), total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the combined ecological floating bed are 52.38% and 77.78% 81.97%, 67.57% and 43.98% respectively, which were significantly higher than that of plant control group and matrix control group (P <0.05). TN and TP levels of aquaculture water purified by the combined floating bed reached Grade I standard of freshwater pond aquaculture water respectively, the NH + 4-N level dropped below 0.15 mg / L and the NO-2-N level decreased to 0.02 mg / L or less. The results showed that the combination of plant absorption, matrix adsorption and microorganism synergism enhanced the removal effect of pollutants in the combined ecological floating bed. The rational biological combination could promote the effect of ecological floating bed purification of wastewater. The results provide technical support for the construction of a combined ecological floating bed suitable for the purification of aquaculture water.