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本文着重讨论了水、肥耦合效应对冬小麦生长、产量及土壤NO_3-N分布的影响,以便找出适合试验区所在地区特定土壤、气候条件下的最优灌水、施氮组合,为该地区的灌水、施肥提供决策参考。田间试验小区布置在密云县大辛庄,多年施用化肥,有机质含量极低,透水性强的粉沙土上。试验采用2因素3水平随机重复设计。2因素为土壤合水率下限及施氮量。三个水平为,水分:45%,55%及65%。施氮量(以纯氮计):154.5kg/ha,206.5kg/ha及258.5kg/ha(氮肥为尿素,含氮量46%).试验结果得出,在试验区特定气候、土壤条件下,无论是从作物生长、产量考虑,还是从土壤中养分浓度时空分布考虑,低频大量灌水与低水平施氮组合处理最差,中等水平灌水及中等水平施肥组合处理最优。
This paper focuses on the effects of coupling effects of water and fertilizer on the growth and yield of winter wheat and the distribution of NO_3-N in soil so as to find out the optimal irrigation and nitrogen application under the specific soil and climatic conditions in the area where the test area is located. Irrigation, fertilization provide decision-making reference. Field trial plot layout in Daxinzhuang County, Miyun County, for many years the use of fertilizers, organic matter content is very low, permeability of silt sand. The trial used 2-factor, 3-level randomized repeat design. 2 factors for the lower bound of soil water and nitrogen rate. The three levels are, moisture: 45%, 55% and 65%. Nitrogen content (in terms of pure nitrogen): 154.5kg / ha, 206.5kg / ha and 258.5kg / ha (urea nitrogen, nitrogen content 46%). The results showed that in the specific climate and soil conditions in the experimental area, Considering crop growth and yield, or from the spatio-temporal distribution of soil nutrient concentration, the combination of high-frequency low-level irrigation and low-level N application was the worst, while the middle-level irrigation and middle-level fertilization combination treatment was the best.