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采用完全随机裂区设计,研究不同灌水(0、900、1200、1500 m~3·hm~(-2))和施氮(0、90、150、210、270 kg·hm~(-2))处理对田间冬小麦生长、产量和水氮利用效率的影响.结果表明:冬小麦籽粒产量、氮素吸收量、氮肥利用效率和氮肥生产效率均随灌水量的增加而增加;氮肥利用效率和生产效率均随施氮量的增加而降低;施氮量在0～150 kg·hm~(-2)时,冬小麦籽粒产量、氮吸收量和氮收获指数随施氮量增加而增加,超过150 kg·hm~(-2)时不再显著增加;随灌水量的增加,冬小麦耗水量和整体水分利用效率增加,降水和土壤供水量占耗水量的比例及灌溉水利用效率降低;随施氮量的增加,降水和灌水量占耗水量的比例降低,土壤供水占耗水量的比例增加,整体水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率先增加后降低,且均在施氮150、210和270kg·hm~(-2)处理间无显著差异.综合考虑各因素,本试验条件下,生育期灌水1500 m~3·hm~(-2)、施氮150 kg·hm~(-2)的处理为产量和效益兼优的最佳水氮组合.
A completely random split design was used to study the effects of different irrigation (0,900,1200,1500 m ~ 3 · hm -2) and nitrogen (0,90,150,210,270 kg · hm -2) ) On the growth, yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat in the field.The results showed that: grain yield, N uptake, N use efficiency and N production efficiency of winter wheat increased with the increase of irrigation amount; N use efficiency and production efficiency Decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The grain yield, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen harvest index of winter wheat increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate when the nitrogen application was 0-150 kg · hm -2, exceeding 150 kg · hm ~ (-2). With the increase of irrigation amount, the water consumption and the water use efficiency of winter wheat increased, the ratio of precipitation and soil water supply to water consumption and irrigation water use efficiency decreased. With the increase of irrigation amount, The proportion of increase, precipitation and irrigation water consumption decreased, the ratio of soil water supply to water consumption increased, and the overall water use efficiency and irrigation water utilization efficiency first increased and then decreased, and both of them were under 150, 210 and 270 kg · hm ~ -2) no significant difference between treatments.Considering the various factors, the test conditions, the growth period Water 1500 m ~ 3 · hm ~ (-2), nitrogen 150 kg · hm ~ (-2) is optimal processing efficiency and yield water Jianyou nitrogen composition.