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为明确陕西省小麦条锈菌的群体结构、变异动态和新育成小麦品种(系)的抗病性,为病害流行预测、防治以及抗病育种提供依据,本研究于2002—2014年从陕西省8个市(区)的28个县(区)和毗邻的甘肃省、四川省和湖北省部分地区共采集鉴定小麦条锈菌标样2 779份,监测到条锈菌生理小种和致病类型45个,其中,CYR33和CYR32为目前陕西省小麦条锈菌主要流行小种,新致病类型G22-9和G22-14虽然目前出现频率不高,但对贵农系列、92R系列以及Moro均有毒性,且出现频率呈上升趋势。目前小麦条锈菌群体中Hybrid46致病类群和水源11致病类群占绝对优势,这与我国小麦品种抗病基因单一化有较大关系,应加强开发和利用新的、多元化的抗源材料。对2 952份陕西省新育成小麦品种(系)抗病性测试结果表明,其整体抗性水平呈上升趋势。综合条锈菌生理小种监测和抗病性分析结果,目前小麦抗条锈病育种应以抗CYR33和CYR32为主,同时注意对G22-9和G22-14的抗病性研究。
In order to clarify the population structure and variation dynamics of wheat stripe rust and the disease resistance of newly-cultivated wheat cultivars (lines) in Shaanxi province, and to provide the basis for disease epidemic prediction, control and disease resistance breeding, this study from Shaanxi Province A total of 2 779 samples of wheat stripe rust were collected from 28 counties (districts) and adjacent Gansu, Sichuan and Hubei provinces in 8 cities (districts) Type 45, of which, CYR33 and CYR32 are the main epidemic strains of wheat stripe rust in Shaanxi Province, the new pathogenic types G22-9 and G22-14 although the frequency of occurrence is not high, but your agricultural series, 92R series and Moro Are toxic, and the frequency of occurrence is on the rise. At present, the Hybrid46 pathogenicity population and the pathogenicity population of water source 11 occupy the absolute superiority in wheat stripe rust population, which has a great relationship with the single gene resistance genes of wheat varieties in our country. We should strengthen the development and utilization of new and diversified source materials . The results of testing the disease resistance of 2 952 newly-bred wheat cultivars (lines) in Shaanxi Province showed that the overall resistance level showed an upward trend. Based on the results of physical races surveillance and disease resistance analysis, the current breeding of resistance to stripe rust in wheat should be based on anti CYR33 and CYR32, and pay attention to the study on the resistance of G22-9 and G22-14.